poverty has worsened, although AIDS, drought, and economic mismanagement have all compromised poverty reduction. In any case …, child poverty has come under increased scrutiny, in part because of the Millennium Development Goals and the growing …

middle income countries that examined optimal approaches to reduce child poverty using universal categorical child allowances … margins of the poverty line were found to be small and robustness and sensitivity tests were done to accompany simulation …. Simulations found that individual level allowances reduce poverty more than household level allowances. Such individual level …

poverty and wellbeing. This framing is reflective of Brazil's national narrative on race relations and the idea that class and … employment status have been the most salient barriers to social welfare protections. Brazil's widely well-regarded anti-poverty … systems offers important lessons on how poverty relief can further human development and enhance agency. Future reformers can …

We use a fiscal incidence model based on the South African 2014/15 Living Conditions Survey to simulate the poverty … COVID-19 Social Relief of Distress grant upon its expiry and closing the extreme (food poverty line) poverty gap. Our key … findings are that the introduction of a household-targeted family poverty grant is theoretically able to reduce extreme poverty …

. The paper underscores the principles of the poverty focus of social assistance and presents an overview of existence … evidence of first- and second-order effects of social assistance, particularly in the domains of poverty, education, health and …

- better cushions the poverty effects of income shocks in a developing economy. We compare the effectiveness of the three … benefit schemes on poverty first conceptually and then by considering two different crisis scenarios, the COVID-19 pandemic … the proxy-means-tested benefits are the most effective in reducing the poverty gap index, a simple categorical benefit is …

This paper analyses the effectiveness of tax-benefit systems in reducing poverty and inequality across 13 countries in … to poverty and inequality. Additionally, we assess gender disparities in outcomes, quantify the distributional effects of …

contract - to those of its neighbours in Southern Africa. It is the result of the specific character of poverty in Botswana and …

This paper reviews the pattern of poverty rates and income inequality in El Salvador since the 1990s. It discusses some … ; poverty ; labour market …