of countries. Finally, it presents a detailed case study of the governance arrangements in place at the Development Bank …

of bank competition on firms' access to finance. They find that low competition, as measured by high values of the Lerner … index, diminishes firms' access to finance, while commonly-used bank concentration measures are not robust predictors of … information, can mitigate the damaging impact of low competition. But other characteristics, such as high government bank …

This paper assesses European bank deleveraging and its impact on global credit conditions. Before the onset of the … international banks although European banks remain a dominant source of funding. "Good" bank deleveraging is still necessary from a … core component of this multi-year deleveraging process. Taken together, European bank deleveraging warrants close attention. …

Until the late 1960s, the World Bank presented itself as an institution devoted to making sound and directly productive … project loans. Yet, during its very early years, some discussions developed inside the Bank regarding the possibility of … that the Bank was unwilling to lend for housing programs not because these were not sound - in fact, they were - but …

This paper describes the recent trends in foreign bank ownership in developing countries, summarizes the existing … evidence on the causes and implications of foreign bank presence, and reexamines the link between banking crises and foreign … bank participation. Using data on the share of banking sector assets held by foreign banks in over 100 developing countries …

' market structures in developing countries. The authors analyze the impact of these factors on Latin American bank spreads … bank participation seemed to influence spreads indirectly, primarily through its effect on administrative costs. Bank …