Calder??n, C??sar; Loayza, Norman; Schmidt-Hebbel, Klaus - 2012
sample of countries. Controlling for domestic conditions, the paper examines the growth and volatility effects of outcome … of nonlinearities by allowing the growth and volatility effects of openness to vary with the general level of economic … point toward strong non-monotonic effects of openness and external shocks on growth and volatility. Moreover, all in all …