: urbanization, agglomeration benefits, gender and informality. Focusing on the important policy objective of new enterprise creation … in the informal sector, it asks and answers four specific questions on the impact of urbanization and gender. It finds … urbanized areas; (ii) This "urbanization gradient" also exists separately for the creation of female owned enterprises and male …

This paper investigates the urbanization of the Indian manufacturing sector by combining enterprise data from formal … urbanization has slowed down, the localized importance of education and infrastructure has not. The results suggest that districts … with better education and infrastructure have experienced a faster pace of urbanization, although higher urban-rural cost …

indicators of progress in development, are inexorable urbanization and inexorable formalization. Urbanization is indeed happening … development analysis and development policy. Is the link between urbanization and formalization more complex than what had been … informality. The second core section turns to processes of urbanization and asks how these processes intersect with and interact …

In the past dozen years, a literature has developed arguing that urbanization has unfolded differently in post … urbanization experience overall matches global patterns. There are differences, however, at the sector level. Agricultural trade … effects that improve farm prices deter African urbanization, while they promote urbanization elsewhere. Potential reasons …