not only increasing incomes and reducing poverty, but appears as well to be breaking down long-standing barriers to … diversification could thus yield significant returns in terms of declining poverty and increased income mobility. The evidence from …

, the unorganized sector is large, accounting for more than 99 percent of establishments and 80 percent of employment in … manufacturing. Second, the unorganized sector is stubbornly persistent -- it accounted for 81 percent of manufacturing employment in … states show limited change in unorganized sector employment shares. Fourth, the degree to which localized unorganized …

employment in Sub-Saharan Africa, especially in lower-income countries. Household enterprises tend to operate with limited … interest or support from governments. This is the case in Mozambique, where neither the poverty reduction strategy nor small … higher household consumption, lower rural poverty, as well as upward mobility, particularly for rural and poorly educated …

by disproportionately boosting the income of the poor and therefore reduces poverty. This result is robust to controlling …

importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) liberalization as part of Russian WTO accession, the authors also include FDI and … Dixit-Stiglitz endogenous productivity effects from liberalization of import barriers against goods and FDI in services. The … the rest of the world. Foremost among the own reforms is liberalization of barriers against FDI in business services. …

absolute and net employment growth is concentrated in informal tradable industries, and 2) much of this growth is connected to …

that draw in female workers have expanded least, so that changes in the sectoral structure of employment alone would have …

-hour basis. What look like large productivity gaps in national accounts data could really be employment gaps, calling into … question the prospective gains that laborers can achieve through structural transformation. These employment gaps, along with …

regulation on employment at the store level. We find that stricter labor regulation has a strong negative effect on employment …. Our estimates show that labor reforms are likely to increase employment by 22 percent of the current level for an average …