not experienced growth in employment, a phenomenon observed elsewhere in transitional economies and labeled as "jobless …

This paper analyzes the cyclical properties of worker flows in Brazil and Mexico, two important developing countries … employment is countercyclical because of the difficulty of finding formal jobs from inactivity, unemployment and other informal … informality are not countercyclical, but, if anything, pro-cyclical. Together, these challenge the conventional wisdom that has …

between formality and informality correspond to the job-to-job dynamics observed in the United States and not to the … traditional idea of informality constituting the inferior sector of a segmented market. That said, the countercyclical job finding … in the formal sector combined with the acyclical job finding in informality does lead to the latter absorbing relatively …

choices, with workers preferring informal employment over formal employment, leading to negative effects on investment and … analysis finds that universal coverage appears to have encouraged employment especially among married women, to have reduced … formal-sector employment among married men but not among other groups, and to have increased informal-sector employment …

-hour basis. What look like large productivity gaps in national accounts data could really be employment gaps, calling into … question the prospective gains that laborers can achieve through structural transformation. These employment gaps, along with …

-conflict or low-conflict areas. Employment rates are higher in large part because women participate more in the labor market, but … work tends to be more vulnerable, with more self-employment and unpaid family work. The authors show that these differences …

Despite low open unemployment, labor market outcomes are unsatisfactory in Moldova. Employment is low and job … low level of employment in Moldova is due to the low rate of firm entry and the low rate of job creation in existing firms … that the primary factor behind the small size of the employment generating sector is the high cost of doing business in …

form of employment in Latin America. The majority of the research on this segment of the labor force relies on small sample …, in their analysis and examine the home-based work sector in Brazil, Ecuador, and Mexico in 1999. Their results show that … levels of education, and those with children or spouses, unlike men for whom these factors do not matter. Female home …

In addition to the conventional determinants of labor market participation and the choice between wage employment and … self-employment, there is a growing interest in the significance of gender role attitudes and personality traits. This … employment outcomes in the Northern and Ashanti regions of Ghana. The findings are based on a series of analyses, including …

using panel data from Argentina, Brazil and Mexico. The estimates suggest broad commonalities among the three countries, and …