In the wake of reforms to establish a free market in land-use rights, Vietnam is experiencing a pronounced rise in …

This study uses the Ethiopia Skills Profile Survey (2017) to examine the gender differences in livelihood opportunities … in employment, and that household characteristics influence women's economic opportunities. While having a female … household head, access to agricultural land, and the number of female adults increased female participation in economic …

on how they vary within the city and how they are related to household characteristics. First, drawing on a household …

households, including a secure place to live, the means of a livelihood, protection during emergencies, and collateral for credit … with respect to data collection on assets at both the household and individual levels, and shows how various questions on … individually owned assets can be incorporated with a minimum of effort and cost into existing multi-topic household surveys, using …

ethnic groups in Vietnam. Using data from the 1998 Vietnam Living Standards Survey and 1999 Census, they show that Kinh and … Hoa ("majority") households have substantially higher living standards than "minority" households from Vietnam's other 52 …

This paper investigates the role of services in the household response to trade reforms in Vietnam. The relative … coverage of infrastructure services in Vietnam even before the reforms. When service availability is very similar across … different localities, household characteristics become more important in determining the response. …

on the ex durante impacts of the conflict on the food security and livelihood activities of affected households. The …-farm livelihood activities. Non-farm and wage-related activities have been the most affected by the conflict, while farming activities …

attributed to trade reforms to changes in household welfare, income distribution, and poverty using theoretically consistent … and international market integration in Vietnam's rice sector and fertilizer market between 1993 and 1998, a period of … effects of opening the rice and fertilizer market are isolated, Vietnam's agricultural trade reforms did not contribute to a …