not only increasing incomes and reducing poverty, but appears as well to be breaking down long-standing barriers to … diversification could thus yield significant returns in terms of declining poverty and increased income mobility. The evidence from …

In Latin America, labor markets have been the main channel through which growth has reduced poverty, with higher labor … income accounting for 49 percent of the reduction in poverty in 2008–13. Understanding labor markets is critical to designing … policies and programs aimed at reducing poverty. With close to 70 percent of the population under age 30 years, labor markets …

alienability, and identifies the possibility of a reverse structural change where the share of nonagricultural employment declines … on manufacturing and services employment, rural wages, and per capita household consumption. The evidence on the … disaggregated occupational choices suggests that land restrictions increase wage employment in agriculture, but reduce it in …

levels of inequality may persist, and give rise to poverty traps, policymakers are paying more attention to the …

further poverty reduction in Indonesia. To provide a good technical basis for answering this question, the authors use an …Indonesia experienced rapid growth and the expansion of the formal financial sector during the last quarter of the 20th …, macroeconomic stability has since then been restored, and poverty has been reduced to pre-crisis levels. Poverty reduction remains …

Indonesia Family Life Survey for 1993 and 2000, to show which pathways out of poverty were most successful over this period. The … farming activities. Thus pathways out of poverty are likely to be strongly connected to productivity increases in the rural … findings suggest that increased engagement of farmers in rural nonfarm enterprises is an important route out of rural poverty …