Japanese banking system. For each type of hidden capital and each class of bank, the model develops estimates of the stock … market, interest rate, foreign exchange, and real estate sensitivities of returns to bank stockholders. Only the stock market … market betas over two and that the value of the bank's beta has come to increase with measures of its size and accounting …

The authors study the impact of bank concentration, regulations, and national institutions on the likelihood of … (1) in more concentrated banking systems, (2) in countries with fewer regulatory restrictions on bank competition and …

bank-based financial systems. Using firm-level data for forty countries, they compute the proportion of firms in each …

Using bank data for 80 countries for 1988-95, the authors show that differences in interest margins and bank … profitability reflect various determinants: bank characteristics, macroeconomic conditions, explicit and implicit bank taxes …. Controlling for differences in bank activity, leverage, and the macroeconomic environment, they find (among other things) that: 1 …