spending as share of gross domestic income reduces inequality. … paper examines correlates of unprecedented increases in inequality registered by most of the economies. The analysis shows … with the income share of the bottom decile, and positively with the income shares of the top two deciles. However, breaking …

This paper proposes that individuals care about the relative income of proximate reference groups. Making use of self …-reported life satisfaction as a proxy for unobservable utility, the relative income of siblings is tested for relevance as a … reference point for new sample data from Venezuela. Having greater perceived income than one's siblings is found to be …

While the Azerbaijan household income and expenditure survey (HIES) data satisfy most empirical regularities expected … in a typical household survey data, the inequality measures based on the data are unusually low. For example, for the … latest three years for which we have data (2002 - 2004), the consumption Gini coefficient (the commonly used summary measure …

village leaders. Furthermore, democracy improves consumption insurance only for the poor and middle-income farmers, but not …While the literature on consumption insurance is growing fast, little research has been conducted on how rural … consumption insurance is affected by democracy. In this paper the authors examine how consumption insurance of Chinese rural …

geographically disperse networks, on which the authors collected detailed panel data. By quantifying how shocks and consumption co … 3 to 7 percent of their very substantial consumption growth to provide this insurance, which seems too trivial to have …

explored in panel data for Ethiopia. Historical rainfall distributions are used to identify the counterfactual consumption risk …, but also the possibly low consumption outcomes when harvests fail, discourage the application of fertilizer. The lack of …

Consumption baskets vary across households and inflation rates vary across goods. As a result, standard consumer price … unequal the distribution of aggregate consumption across households. Likewise, changes in observed nominal consumption … inequality may be very different from those in true inequality, that is, that measured using household-specific CPIs. The authors …

percentage increase in consumption levels that leaves individuals indifferent between, autarky and risk-sharing. The author … proposes to measure welfare gains as the increase in consumption growth, instead of consumption levels. When the consumption …, and it is robust to alternative specifications of the consumption stochastic processes (from geometric Brownian processes …

small impacts on mean consumption and inequality in the aggregate. There are both gainers and losers and (contrary to past … full de-protection. The diverse impacts reflect a degree of observable heterogeneity in consumption behavior and income … inequality into a"vertical"component (between people at different pre-reform welfare levels) and a"horizontal"component (between …