aid to domestic industries, competition policy, investment screening, export controls, the international role of the euro …

and green bonds. Requiring compliance with strict environmental regulations as a condition to access the EU market will be …

The European Union's banking union project started in mid-2012 in response to the euro-area crisis, with the goal of … an integrated supranational market for banking services. For all the progress achieved in the past decade, particularly … breaking the bank-sovereign vicious circle), and 'cosmic' (a single, seamlessly integrated banking market). European …

respect, it is important to distinguish between oil and gas. For oil, Russia can diversify away from the EU market and …, despite sanctions, sell on the world market where it operates as a price taker. For gas, the European Union has substantial … leverage because Russia depends on the pipeline infrastructure linking it to the European market. However, gas supply from …