The euro became an international currency when it was created two decades ago. However, the euro's internationalisation … peaked as early as 2005 and it was never comparable to the US dollar. Its international status declined with the euro crisis …, Europe is reflecting on how to promote actively the internationalisation of the euro, to help ensure its autonomy. But …

Economic analyses largely ignore Europe's fragmented public sphere, a feature that distinguishes the euro area from … identifying the key crisis-related topics in articles from four opinion-forming newspapers in the largest euro-area countries … considers where blame for the crisis has been laid with the aim of informing the current debate on euro-area governance reform …

This policy contribution describes the institutional flaws of the single currency revealed by the euro crisis and the … stabilisation, and creating a small-scale euro-area stabilisation tool to provide public risk sharing in case of significant shocks … that members of the monetary union cannot deal with alone and to help manage the euro-area aggregate fiscal stance. A …

the euro-area crisis. It was the first public authority, and one of the first more generally, to acknowledge the role of … the bank-sovereign vicious circle as the central driver of contagion in the euro area. It was the first public authority …

investment in the EU. With these, this step would create a re-insurance framework to help euro-area countries absorb large shocks … substantial government spending to the central level. This would allow euro-area fiscal stabilisation to be fully centralised. To …

the legal and operational structures of the large euro-area banks could present, assuming that it is possible to liquidate … large euro-area banks according to their number of legal entities, foreign assets and their governance. From this, he …

The market for distressed debt will need to play a more prominent role in Europe's emerging strategy to tackle the … legacy of non-performing loans (NPLs). This market could speed up NPL resolution and allow greater flexibility in bank … restructuring. The loan sale process potentially suffers from a number of market imperfections which manifest themselves in high …