"This paper analyzes changes in the allocation of child labor within the household in reaction to exogenous shocks … compensated for some of the intra-household differences, as they reduced child labor more for older boys who used to work more and … suggest that time allocation and specialization patterns in child labor within the household are important factors to …

Two-fifths of the household enterprises that operated in Vietnam in 1993 were still in business in 1998, after five … by the lure of wage labor in rich areas, household enterprises are most prominent when agriculture is declining in …