comparative advantage of Mexico (the United States) was strong (weak), more stringent rules of origin were introduced. Thus …, stricter rules of origin are associated with higher production costs reducing the potential benefits of enhanced market access …

effect of the NAFTA and the GATT on the SDS industry was to help induce Wal-Mart to enter Mexico. Once there, Walmex … and processes from their headquarters to Mexico. Finally, although Mexican detergent exports captured an increasing share …). They were also held back by the major re-tooling costs that Mexican producers would have had to incur to establish brand …

environments that raise trade costs and push African producers further away from international markets. Effective trade preferences …