"Empirical explorations of the growth and productivity impacts of infrastructure have been characterized by ambiguous … indirect) channels of influence between infrastructure and productivity improvements. The authors explore these possibilities … alternative measures of productivity, the prevalence of ambiguous (countervailing signs) results, with little systematic pattern …

approach builds on some of the poverty-focused "hybrid" methods found in recent rural road appraisals, recognizing that an …

with formal institutions. Second, the impact of labor market institutions on productivity growth has probably been … for half of economic growth. Finally, institutions can affect poverty and equity, although the effects seem generally …