-sanctioned safeguards and antidumping mechanisms provided the basis to remove a multitude of instruments of protection in the Latin American …

"This paper describes a newly collected, detailed database on national governments' use of the antidumping trade policy …. While still preliminary, it goes beyond existing, publicly-used sets of antidumping data in a number of fundamental ways. It …, the investigative procedure and outcomes of the historical use (since the 1980s) of the antidumping policy instrument …

"Mexico's creation and use of safeguard and antidumping processes to advance its liberalization illustrate three key … expected to meet. The WTO rules would also have allowed the use of other standards-as in traditional antidumping … safeguard or antidumping investigation is mandatory, sustaining liberalization depends in significant part on the political …

"Peru's experience in the application of antidumping and safeguard measures is characterized by a radical change in the … Antidumping and Subsidies Commission. This highly autonomous and technical Commission became the central player in the … been presented, of which 57 were followed by a dumping investigation. The application of antidumping duties was approved …

/WTO regulations and others self-imposed by Chilean law. Legislation on antidumping measures was introduced in Chile in 1992. The …

"Colombia's experience in the use of safeguards and antidumping duties differs from international trends. On the one … antidumping as opposed to safeguards, in Colombia the safeguard process has been the more used policy instrument. Although several … large and medium-size firms are familiar with the application of safeguards and antidumping duties, there is still a …

framework against unfair trade practices at the multilateral level emerged when the country adopted the WTO rules on antidumping … agreements with Central America, Mexico, the Dominican Republic, Chile, and Canada. So far, only six antidumping petitions and …

, including trade liberalization. After the implementation of these policies, a record number of antidumping petitions came … would minimize the use of such measures. The flexible disciplines of the existing domestic antidumping regulations … overvaluation, had significant effects on the number and outcome of antidumping investigations. Regarding safeguards, the government …

"The authors focus on the evaluation of the antidumping regime from 1988 through 2003. During these years the Brazilian … these years, the demand for antidumping protection was growing, the number of investigations concluded with an affirmative … determination was only 52 percent. The authors explain that the institutional framework in charge of administering the antidumping …

"Antidumping and related trade remedies are the most popular policy instruments that many of the largest importing … the negatively affected foreign industry has the capacity to directly retaliate through a reciprocal antidumping … with the theory that potential complainants may be avoiding WTO litigation in favor of pursuing reciprocal antidumping and …