attributed to trade reforms to changes in household welfare, income distribution, and poverty using theoretically consistent … significant improvement in overall household welfare or decline in poverty over this period. Nonetheless, the liberalization … measures of producer and consumer welfare. The author investigates the effects on poverty and income distribution of national …

earning dynamics and related issues such as the propensity of earners to fall into poverty or vulnerability to poverty because … other measures of interest, such as an individual's vulnerability to poverty. The results show that model parameters … the model, in this case pseudo-panel measures of vulnerability to poverty, reflect closely those based on actual panel …