"Infrastructure projects are often technically complicated and highly customized. Therefore, procurement competition …, and competition. With data on procurement auctions for electricity projects in developing countries, it is found that … government procurement costs. In addition, high technical requirements are likely to be imposed for these large-scale projects …

"Competition in public procurement auctions in the water supply and sanitation sector is largely limited. This is … competition. Using data on public procurement auctions for water and sewage projects in developing countries, this paper shows … significantly reduced, and this adverse entry effect would in turn raise the public procurement costs of infrastructure. There is no …

"Limited competition has been a serious concern in infrastructure procurement. Importantly, however, there are normally … any point in the selection process. This paper applies the double selection model to procurement data from road … likely lead to high infrastructure procurement costs. "--World Bank web site …

international collective action may be drawn. This paper examines the available evidence on public procurement practices in … their public procurement systems. A concerted effort to substantially add to the knowledge base on public procurement … procurement policies and outcomes, is critical to identifying areas where further binding multilateral disciplines may be …

procurement of PPI projects takes on average four years, and competition in tenders is limited. The number of unsolicited … paper reviews the procurement of PPI projects in Korea and benchmarks it to international best practices before proposing …