as the impact of these activities on firm-level productivity. The evidence gathered suggests that countries in the South …-owned firms as the most innovative of the region. The evidence also suggests a positive impact of innovation on productivity …

and total factor productivity growth in small and large states in the South. There are three main findings. First …, productivity growth increases with North-South trade-related technology diffusion and education and the interaction between the two … their interaction on productivity growth in small states is more than three times that for large countries, with the …