The authors use a computable general equilibrium model to estimate the marginal cost of public funds (MCF) for taxes on domestic goods, exports, imports, capital, and labor in 38 African countries. The resulting MCF estimates provide directions for tax reform in Africa. The authors investigate...

Tobacco taxes are usually considered regressive, as the poorest individuals allocate larger shares of their budget toward the purchase of tobacco-related products. However, because these taxes also discourage tobacco use, some of the most adverse effects and their economic costs are reduced,...

Tobacco-use-related diseases are the main cause of mortality in Moldova, where tobacco consumption is widely spread, especially among men. In addition to health concerns, tobacco consumption has economic consequences, as households spend substantial resources on tobacco and related out-of-pocket...

Tobacco-use-related diseases are the main cause of mortality in Moldova, where tobacco consumption is widely spread, especially among men. In addition to health concerns, tobacco consumption has economic consequences, as households spend substantial resources on tobacco and related out-of-pocket...

This paper uses a randomized information intervention to shed light on whether poor understanding of social insurance, both the process of enrolling and costs and benefits, drives the relatively low rates of participation in urban health insurance and pension programs among China's rural-urban...

Climate risk is an important driver of long-term poverty dynamics, especially in rural regions. This paper builds a dynamic, multi-generation household model of consumption, accumulation, and risk management to draw out the full consequences of exposure to climate risk. The model incorporates...