widely used operational definition-the growth rate in the average income of the poorest 40 percent of a country's population … social welfare, poverty, inequality, and mobility, and reviews some of its design shortcomings. The paper then looks at …

This paper evaluates the global welfare consequences of increases in mortality and poverty generated by the Covid-19 … years spent in poverty (PY) are conservatively estimated using growth estimates for 2020 and two different scenarios for its … poverty years and 4.3 million years of life lost across 150 countries. The ratio of PYs to LYs is very large in most countries …