an extensive literature review, the paper identifies the main determinants of economic productivity as innovation …This is the background paper for the productivity extension of the World Bank's Long-Term Growth Model (LTGM). Based on … representing each of the main categories of productivity determinants and, combining them through principal component analysis …

capital and slowing growth rates of total factor productivity and human capital. Strong reforms are required for Malaysia to …, and total factor productivity. In the strong reform scenario, based on growth drivers achieving a target corresponding to …

urban productivity in Latin American cities. The use of night-time lights satellite imagery and high-resolution population … areas generates opposite effects on urban productivity. On the one hand, smaller governments tend to be more responsive and … efficient, which increases productivity. But, on the other hand, multiple local governments face coordination costs that reduce …

establishment productivity and markups. The elimination of local barriers that were inconsistent with national legislation was the …. The paper finds that the elimination of subnational barriers to entry boosted the (revenue) productivity of establishments … raise the establishments' markups, which, if anything, declined, suggesting that physical productivity improved. The paper …

-side channel: capital, labor, and productivity, with the last estimated using the stochastic frontier approach. By controlling for …

Ethiopia's competitiveness and attractiveness as an investment destination by comparing domestic productivity and input costs …, the labor cost advantage of Ethiopian firms is more than offset by low productivity. However, Ethiopia appears competitive … when compared to Bangladesh. Capital, firm size, or sectoral composition do not explain the low productivity of the …

revenue per employee, value added per employee, total factor productivity, and employment growth. Improving the management … worker by 30 percent, and total factor productivity by 13.5 percent. What drives better management capabilities? Russian …