This is the background paper for the productivity extension of the World Bank's Long-Term Growth Model (LTGM). Based on …, education, market efficiency, infrastructure, and institutions. Based on underlying proxies, the paper constructs indexes … Penn World Table, and assesses the pattern of productivity growth across regions and income groups over the same sample …

"The paper's objective is to explain factors underlying Africa's weak infrastructure endowment and to identify suitable … assumed that Africa's infrastructure deficit is largely a reflection of its relatively low income levels, the authors find …, have the poorest infrastructure endowments. At the outset of the data series, Africa was doing significantly better than …

"The goal of the paper is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the impact of infrastructure development on growth … the impact on per capita growth of faster accumulation of infrastructure stocks and of enhancement in the quality of … that infrastructure stocks and service quality boost economic growth. The growth payoff of reaching the infrastructure …

community to progressively increase access to modern infrastructure services in Africa. "--World Bank web site … infrastructure services. In this paper, we use Demographic and Health Surveys from a larger sample of sub-Saharan African countries …) telephone has increased rapidly. The decline has been primarily in the urban areas while the infrastructure coverage has either …

This paper proposes a framework that examines three levels of access to infrastructure-nominal, effective, and quality … fall far short of delivering universal access to basic infrastructure. Second, for most services there a large gap-3 to 41 … level of service in urban communities, and that current approaches to infrastructure delivery might be enhancing …

of roads to improve market access and create more and higher-skilled jobs in Africa. The paper combines the geographic … types of infrastructure, both in isolation and in combination. The findings show that improving access to both has large and … infrastructure are 22 percent larger than the sum of their isolated effects. The findings suggest that a big push for combined …

This paper investigates the sources of growth in manufacturing productivity in Cote D'Ivoire, Ethiopia and Tanzania in … reallocation of market share between firms contributed substantially to productivity growth in each of the four countries, although … impact on aggregate productivity growth than closing (or exiting) plants. Unlike the case with Cote D'Ivoire and of Ethiopia …