program will be around 338 trillion rials, which accounts for 77 percent of the estimated total savings from the subsidies …. Despite very regressive gasoline subsidies benefitting the rich the most, the increase in gasoline prices is found to affect …, poverty is estimated to increase by about 2.9 percentage points, with the direct impact accounting for a third of this …

drought shocks. It analyzes mechanisms through which cash transfers contribute to resilience, such as savings facilitation … increase savings. They also help households protect earnings in agriculture and off-farm businesses when shocks occur. Few … poor households can foster resilience by facilitating savings and income smoothing …

) subsidies and grants, (ii) tax incentives, and (iii) public procurement incentives. Because incentives run the risk of creating …

: First, micro-credit allows households officially ineligible for the subsidy to invest in sanitation by alleviating credit … constraints. Second, micro-credit also helps subsidy eligible households to overcome short-term liquidity constraints induced by …

and sanitation subsidies globally has proved challenging due to utility-level data limitations and their often implicit … nature. This paper develops a methodology to estimate water supply and sanitation subsidies that is adaptable to data scarce …. The results suggest that the cost of subsidies associated with the operations, maintenance, and major repair and …

This paper develops and estimates a dynamic model of individuals' and couples' labor supply, savings, and retirement … countries and was reformed in 2008 to alleviate old- age poverty and reduce gender pension gaps. The paper estimates the dynamic …

behavior. This treatment is interacted with the option of opening a savings account at the screening of the movie. At the exit … of the screening, individuals in the financial education movie treatment are more likely to open a savings account than … individuals in the placebo movie treatment. However, the effects dissipate quickly. When savings and borrowing behavior is …