context, since the poor are typically the most affected by lack of competition, new analytical tools to assess the … knowledge gap, this paper introduces a simple simulation method, the Welfare and Competition tool (WELCOM), to estimate with … results show that increasing competition from four to 12 firms in the mobile telecommunications industry and reducing the …

the links between four components of sector reform (unbundling, private sector participation, regulation, and competition … competition is not generally significant across studies. A notable feature of all of the studies is very limited testing of the …

"Profitability improvements after the privatization of a large state-owned bank might come at the expense of reduced … access to financial services for some groups, especially the rural poor. The privatization of Tanzania's National Bank of … Commerce provides a unique episode for studying this issue. The bank was split into the "new" National Bank of Commerce, a …