Using firm-level data for Georgia, the paper estimates the quasi-elasticity of employment and wages with respect to the … employment levels and average wages by gender and consider whether export destination or the competiveness of economies matters … improves female employment but reduces overall average wages and female wages. Increasing exports to the European Union as well …

relative to men. The paper does not find any significant effect of immigration on wages and employment, which indicates that …This paper assesses the impact of immigration to Western Europe on the exposure of native-born workers to economic and …, are more exposed to the negative income shocks relative to the natives. The paper then examines whether immigration has an …