Although Africa has experienced rapid urbanization in recent decades, we know little about the process of urbanization …, the authors study the effect of migration on urbanization in South Africa. While they find that on average there is no … populations. Overall, the evidence suggests that exogenous migration shocks can foster urbanization in the medium run …

from the regression model are then used to estimate ex ante household vulnerability to poverty (the likelihood that …

understanding of the vulnerability attributes of WWTPs including their exact location, the number of users they serve as well as …

vulnerability to poverty, based on an estimated probability of falling below the national poverty threshold not exceeding 10 percent … increase in the share of households that are vulnerable to poverty. The greater degree of vulnerability is also evident from …

understanding of households' vulnerability to shock-induced poverty is critical for disaster risk management and the design of … structural poverty but not for assessing the vulnerability of non-poor households to fall below the poverty line when they … households' vulnerability to poverty in Malawi. To accurately estimate the impacts of shocks on consumption and vulnerability …