drought shocks. It analyzes mechanisms through which cash transfers contribute to resilience, such as savings facilitation … increase savings. They also help households protect earnings in agriculture and off-farm businesses when shocks occur. Few … poor households can foster resilience by facilitating savings and income smoothing …

This paper develops and estimates a dynamic model of individuals' and couples' labor supply, savings, and retirement … decisions to analyze how the design of a privatized pension system affects gender pension gaps. Chile has one of the longest … model using pre-reform data and compares the model's short-term predictions with available evidence on the reform's causal …

behavior. This treatment is interacted with the option of opening a savings account at the screening of the movie. At the exit … of the screening, individuals in the financial education movie treatment are more likely to open a savings account than … individuals in the placebo movie treatment. However, the effects dissipate quickly. When savings and borrowing behavior is …

Pakistan's power sector underwent a substantial, if protracted, reform process. Beginning with an independent power … levels, at high cost to the exchequer. This dynamic has undermined incentives for utilities to improve their efficiency …

The Philippines power sector underwent a substantial and largely complete reform process. Following a severe shortage … National Power Corporation extremely burdensome, the Electric Power Industry Reform Act was passed in 2001. This was intended … at the wholesale and retail levels. Although the implementation of the full reform program took longer than originally …

The challenge of power sector reform in the Arab Republic of Egypt has long been dominated by extremely high subsidies … pressure in 2014 when energy subsidies reached 6.8 percent of gross domestic product. Since then, the reform process has been …