This paper conducts an assessment of the global costs for expanding, upgrading, and improving irrigation infrastructure … regional context. In South Asia and the Middle East and North Africa, the expansion of irrigation increases unsustainable water … extraction practices. A sensitivity analysis is conducted to evaluate the uncertainty of the infrastructure costs and impacts …

Sea-level rise threatens low-lying areas around the world's coasts with increased coastal flooding during storms. One … half of the world's coast is protected. The total defense costs are significantly higher than earlier estimates, amounting …

investments based on their impact on rural access and connectivity. Investment costs quickly balloon as the rural accessibility …

data from the Reserve Bank of India, to investigate the interaction between infrastructure development and financial sector … with stronger initial financial development, suggesting that although financing responds to large infrastructure …

The paper addresses the issue of the feasible level of private finance in a contracting model of infrastructure finding …

This paper analyses the degree to which infrastructure reliability and urban economic activity in several African … affected by floods. It further details how transport infrastructure is subjected to significant flood risk that … firms, flooded transport networks mean that disruptions propagate across the city and drastically reduce the connectivity …