receives an earmarked credit from its bank, its interest rates on new loans in the free-market increase while the loan volume …This paper studies loan conditions in a context where private banks can operate in two credit markets: a free … credit to firms that are ex ante more difficult to lock-in in the free-market-larger firms in more contested regions. The …

-up in lending flows to the private sector, rendering the recovery credit-less. This paper uses data on output and credit to … study the relative roles of demand and supply drivers of credit growth during economic recoveries on a sample of advanced … and emerging countries between 1980 and 2014. Using a simple endowment economy model, the paper shows that credit …

discontinuity in the loan approval process of a large bank, the study finds that competing lenders responded to additional loan … financially excluded borrowers, greatly diminishing the profits accruing to the initiating bank. Lenders may therefore underinvest … highlight that information spillovers between lenders may operate outside credit registries …

The costs of financial intermediation have important consequences for financial development. Using bank-level data for … 160 countries during 2005-14, this paper analyzes the composition and sources of bank net interest margins. First, it uses … underlying bank-level, structural, macroeconomic, and institutional determinants of net interest margins. Finally, the paper uses …