The free flow of data across borders underpins today's globalized economy. But the flow of personal data outside the … this challenge: unilateral development of national or regional regulation, such as the European Union's Data Protection … Directive and forthcoming General Data Protection Regulation; international negotiation of trade disciplines, most recently in …

China has quickly become the largest e-commerce market in the world. By matching a nationally representative China …-commerce development has shaped household consumption growth in China. The paper presents three major findings. First, e …

.S. micro data, the model generates an increase in lobbying that matches the magnitude and the cross-sector and within …-sector variation observed in the data. The analysis finds that lobbying for capital tax benefits, together with financial frictions …

labor market dynamics and employer needs in real time, this paper analyzes the content of job postings using data from major … many low- and medium-skill jobs and jobs outside the capital are filled through informal channels. Overall, online data can …

Open data and open government data have recently attracted much attention as a means to innovate, add value, and … improve outcomes in a variety of sectors, public and private. Although some of the benefits of open data initiatives have been … data with greater government accountability as well as improved service delivery in key sectors, including health and …