, with prices set well below the costs of supply. These subsidies have taken a variety of forms: explicit subsidies in the … revived based on new electricity, gas, and renewable energy laws; price and subsidy adjustments; structural reforms with a …

Law has provided the framework to develop a competitive power market, unbundle Electricity Vietnam, set prices that better … success has occurred mostly under a state-owned utility, Electricity Vietnam. Select market-oriented reforms to date have also … long-term sustainability without jeopardizing security of supply for the fast-growing economy. Vietnam's 2004 Electricity …

This paper provides a comprehensive overview of electricity pricing practices and tariff structure design in more than … 60 developed and developing countries worldwide as of 2015-16. It evaluates the performance of electricity tariff designs … (or price differentiation). It also reflects on the extent to which current electricity tariff designs are well-suited to …

comprehensive, following the 1999 Electricity Act, significant difficulties were encountered along the way that prevented the …

done to accelerate access to electricity to the significant share of unserved population in rural areas …

consumer subsidies had been endemic, but retail prices are even higher than might have been expected in the absence of …

Improving electricity access in low-income countries is a challenging problem because of the high costs of grid … extension and low demand for grid electricity in rural areas. This study elucidates these constraints by analyzing poor … households' willingness-to-pay for different types of electricity access, including lower cost off-grid technologies. The …

Entrepreneurs in developing countries report that unreliable electricity imposes a serious constraint, yet little …