Poverty maps are a useful tool for the targeting of social programs on areas with high concentrations of poverty …. However, a static focus on poverty ignores the temporal dimension of poverty. Thus, current nonpoor households still face … substantial welfare volatility and are at risk of becoming poor in the face of shocks. We combine the methods of poverty mapping …

's fiscal policies also lead to a reduction in poverty, mainly due to well-targeted direct transfers …

This study assesses the redistributive effects of fiscal policy in Mali and Niger. Fiscal policy is poverty increasing … three deciles, respectively). Although existing direct fiscal transfers have poverty-reducing effects, they are too small …