sample of firms in Vietnam, Senegal, and the Brazilian state of Ceara. The analysis finds a large variance in technology … sophistication across the business functions of a firm. The within-firm variance in technology sophistication is greater than the … countries. The paper documents a stable cross-firm relationship between technology at the business function and firm levels …

"This paper examines the impact of trade with Japan, North America, and the European Union on technology diffusion and … the South. The findings show that technology diffusion and productivity gains tend to be regional. Jordan benefits mainly …