This paper analyzes the main trends and patterns of nominal lending interest rates and lending-deposit interest rate … shows that nominal lending rates and spreads declined between 2003 and 2017, with regional heterogeneity. In addition, it … finds that less economically and financially developed countries tend to exhibit higher lending rates and spreads. These …

firm-bank data in a difference-in-differences setting with sample selection adjustment, the authors find a short … with access to bank credit prior to Basel III implementation could have been affected less than firms that were initially … on the fringes of financial inclusion-firms with only a bank account. The paper fails to find any additional …

The COVID-19-triggered collapse in oil prices in March and April 2020 was the seventh, and by far the most severe, in a …

graduates may increase by at least one-quarter to one-third during the COVID-19 pandemic …

Cross-border banking in emerging markets and developing economies has expanded across most World Bank regions and has … become large relative to some home and host economies. This paper analyzes recent trends of bank activities of financial …