The challenges associated with poverty measurement with a cardinal variable have received due attention during the last … four decades, but there is a dearth of literature studying how to meaningfully assess poverty with an ordinal variable …. This paper first proposes a class of simple, intuitive and policy-relevant poverty measures for ordinal variables. These …

Accurate poverty measurement relies on household consumption data, but such data are often inadequate, outdated or … to produce estimates for several poverty indicators including headcount poverty, extreme poverty, poverty gap, near-poverty … surveys conducted over the past decade in Bangladesh, Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria, Tanzania, and Vietnam, we find encouraging …

monetary costs among women in rural Nigeria. To measure psychic costs, vaccine take-up between two conditions to receive cash …