Alongside with the liberalization of financial markets organizations of private regulation have become more important since the nineties. Private institutions such as Rating Agencies or financial market instruments as the Emerging Market Bond Index (EMBI+) are part of the private governance...

In the 20 th century, different types of socialist societies failed - not only because of an evident lack of democracy, but also due to their economic inefficiency. Apart from the historical underdevelopment of Russia and other socialist countries, there could be given three main reasons for...

Economic multilateralism is at risk. Both the World Trade Organisation and the International Monetary Fund are undermined by competing regimes at the regional level. Bilateralism in trade is particularly mushrooming and might flourish further after the breakdown of talks in Cancun. Especially...

Current interpretation about an end of multilateralism and of neoliberalist globalisation at all lacks a sufficient understanding of international institutions. Neither was multilateralism in the 1990ties a functional problem-solving approach to global crises nor can the growing tendencies...