In a dynamic model of asymmetric information between the owner of a firm and a manager, we investigate the optimal set of contingencies on which an incentive contract should depend when renegotiation is possible. In particular, we characterize the circumstances in which the contracting parties...

We develop a model that clarifies the respective advantages and disadvantages of academic and private-sector research. Rather than relying on lack of appropriability or spillovers to generate a rationale for academic research, we emphasize control-rights considerations, and argue that the...

In this article I illustrate the impact of trade unions on strategic product market behavior. I discuss entry deterrence through capital durability in a model developed by Eaton and Lipsey. In the presence of unions, sunk capital scares away potential entrants but can also raise workers'...