Both the outward direct investment (ODI) from emerging market economies and industrial upgrading are new topics in economic research. Most research on these two topics has been done separately so far. Chinas emergence as a major ODI nation and urgent requirement for domestic industrial upgrading...

The upsurge of the outward direct investment (ODI) made by the Chinese firms in recent years is one of the main concerns among academic researchers and policy consultants targeting emerging market economies. In this paper, the focus for analysis is the internationalization and ODI initiated by...

Recent heterogeneous-firm models of international trade suggest that productivity determines whether firms engage in export and foreign direct investment. However in practice, m Abstract any productive firms are not internationalized, whereas many unproductive firms are. This situation suggests...