"Across Europe there is a rapidly changing context for undertaking regional development. In the 20th century, development of the former planned economies (Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia), was defined by these countries differences, rather than their common...

1. The new metropolis : rethinking megalopolis / Robert Lang and Paul K. Knox -- 2. Looking backward, looking forward : the city region of the mid-21st century / Peter Hall -- 3. The 21st-century metropolis : new geographies of theory / Ananya Roy -- 4. City regions and place development / Patsy...

1. Setting the stage -- 2. An action framework for rural municipalities -- 3. An agenda for cross-border know-how exchange -- 4. The evaluation of the transferability of the proposed agenda -- 5. Conclusion.

"City-regions are areas where the daily journeys for work, shopping and leisure frequently cross administrative boundaries. They are seen as engines of the national economy, but are also facing congestion and disparities. Thus, all over the world, governments attempt to increase problem-solving...

Territorial development and border cities. A theoretical debate / Eduardo Medeiros -- The challenge for economic development and innovation in border regions / Bjørnar Sæther -- Cross-border planning and border cities. A theoretical proposal / Antoine Decouville, Frédéric Durand and...

"The Randstad metropolitan region encompassing Amsterdam, The Hague, Rotterdam and Utrecht in the western Netherlands is regarded worldwide as a model of a 'successful' polycentric metropolis. It is widely cited as an example of how a region of interconnected small cities can effectively compete...