This paper describes a technique to identify the effects on potential global warming of wate, of both energy and materials, in the areas of refrigeration and air-conditioning. Such equipment always uses energy and generally contains a chemical driving fluid. The calculation converts emissions of...

Transport vehicles greatly pollute the environment through emissions such as CO, CO2, NOx, SOx, unburnt or partially burnt HC and particulate emissions. Fossil fuels are the chief contributors to urban air pollution and major source of green house gases (GHGs) and considered to be the prime...

We already share population crowding and environmental pollution. In today's world, we have no other option than to share also technologies, market and investments. In a renewable energy society, we are in transition from an association of academics and volonteers to a fully professional...

A developing country such as Bangladesh, where economic development without compromising the eco-friendly environment is a burning issue, needs huge supply of power. Having very limited fossil fuels, sources of renewable energy such as solar, wind, biomass and limited hydro power are the...

Wind energy conversion systems have become a focal point in the research of renewable energy sources. This is in no small part due to the rapid advances in the size of wind generators as well as the development of power electronics and their applicability in wind energy extraction. This paper...

This paper describes simulation results of a small 500 W wind fuel cell hybrid energy system. The system consists of a Southwest Wind Power Inc. AIR 403 wind turbine, a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell (PEMFC) and an electrolyzer. Dynamic modeling of various components of this small isolated...

This paper presents a summary of the mechanical features and the medium term operating experience from three small horizontal axis wind energy conversion systems covering a range of 500 to 5000 Watt, intented for rural and isolated communities. These turbines have a new regulator which reduces...

The analysis of the reactive power management of a wind farm consisting of fixed speed wind turbines is carried out. The rating calculation of the compensator for a fixed speed wind farm is evaluated, and the effect of the network strength on the compensator rating is studied. Also the...

In the present study, a novel procedure is introduced for the optimal placement and arrangement of wind turbines in a wind park. In this approach a statistical and mathematical method is used, which is called ‘Monte Carlo simulation method’. The optimization is made by the mean of maximum...

The U.K.'s First Windfarm - The Birth of an Industry shows how an idea in 1980 developed into the successful operation of the first commercial windfarm. It was not until 1988 that the prospect for a viable commercial windfarm in the U.K. became realistic. In that year many of the essential...