Numerical and analytical models of sand and dust particle accumulation on photovoltaic modules in dry regions are presented and supported by a laboratory investigation of sand particle accumulation on a glass surface. Both models and the experimental data indicate that the reduction in the free...

The European Energy Efficiency Building Directive 2002/91/CE, as well as other acts and funding programs, strongly promotes the adoption of passive strategies for buildings, in order to achieve indoor thermal comfort conditions above all in summer, so reducing or avoiding the use of air...

The paper presents one of the first Italian experiences assessing the effectiveness of sustainable production and consumption strategies.

In this paper linear programming optimisation procedure based on energy flow optimisation model (EFOM) is proposed for evaluating the contribution of distributed-generation (DG) production and energy-efficiency actions. The proposed methodology details exploitation of primary energy sources,...

Two subroutines have been developed which permit users of the TRNSYS programme to calculate the parameters of ambiental comfort (PMV and PPD).

Solar space cooling is important in the countries of the Arabian Peninsula where nearly half of the total produced electricity is used for air conditioning of residential commercial and public buildings. In Kuwait, large proportion of funds were allocated for research in solar cooling...

The optical efficacy of light emitting diode (LED) has exceeded 72lm/W in 2006. This implies that energy can be saved about 75%, as compared to mercury lamps widely used in roadway lighting. In some remote areas where the grid power cannot reach, independent solar-powered lighting using...

According to one survey on energy consumption in Iran, commercial and building sector consume more energy than any other economic sectors. For example, about 38% of total energy that consumed in year 2001 has been used for space heating. Insulation in external walls of buildings has an important...

This study aims to assess the state of the art of practices and technologies of energy saving and renewable energy sources in hotels. This will contribute to determining the potential of efficient and sustainable energy technologies integration. Hotel managers were interviewed face to face and...