This paper describes a new tool to assess the medium- and long-term economic and environmental impacts of large-scale policies. The approach – macro life cycle assessment (M-LCA) – is based on life cycle assessment methodology and includes additional elements to model economic externalities...

The Life Cycle Assessment tool is used in the construction industry to assess the environmental impact and the resources that are used throughout the life span of a construction project, which consists of the raw material acquisition, production, design phase, construction phase, operation phase...

Wind farm layout design is a complex optimization problem consisting of number of design objectives and constraints. Different variations of this problem have been solved using several optimization techniques. Iterative heuristics are well-known optimization techniques that have been applied to...

With the development of decentralized power sources based on renewable energy, power grids need smarter operations to be run properly. This paper investigates different procedures for the optimal power dispatching of a grid-connected prosumer with an energy storage consisting in a high speed...

When a building undergoes a retrofit project, the goal of assessing energy and environmental performances of retrofit actions is a complex matter. Building and its environment are complex systems in which all sub-systems are strongly interdependent and influence the overall efficiency...

All renewable energy systems make some contribution to climate change. This is due to fuel combusted for their construction and as back up energy during their operation. Accurate calculation of greenhouse gas emission per kilowatt hour of electricity is difficult but is an important part of...

The use of semi-transparent BIPV as a form of on-site renewable energy generation in energy efficient sustainable buildings is increasing. Its popularity is due to its contribution towards zero-(or even plus) energy buildings. In urban cities where the buildings have limited rooftop area but...

Electricity generation is a key contributor to global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG), NOx and SO2 and their related environmental impact. A critical review of 167 case studies involving the life cycle assessment (LCA) of electricity generation based on hard coal, lignite, natural gas, oil,...

The paper presents the use of Life Assessment Analysis (LCA) to determine the environmental impact of produced electricity and heat for power plants and coal-fired plants in Poland. Moreover, the usefulness of this method of assessment for energy sector was demonstrated. The article also...

Buildings consume a vast amount of energy during the life cycle stages of construction, use and demolition. Total life cycle energy use in a building consists of two components: embodied and operational energy. Embodied energy is expended in the processes of building material production, on-site...