Bio-ethanol has been claimed to be a green and sustainable alternative to gasoline. The use of food crops on a large scale is ethically unacceptable, but lignocellulosic ethanol has potential to become an alternativfe transportation fuel. This relates to technical issues, and to the eventual...

Energy crops constitute significant potential for meeting the future energy need worldwide. In addition, agricultural lands offer an alternative to the agriculture which is referred to as energy farming. The studies on energy crops in biofuel production show that they are quite an economical and...

This paper aims to evaluate the potential for electricity and ethanol production in Central America using sweet sorghum as an energy crop. Three scenarios were built to analyse sweet sorghum production in terms of the land where it can be cultivated: cropland, sugarcane land in fallow and land...

Synthesis of bio-lubricant from palm oil mill effluent (POME) using enzymatic hydrolysis and non-catalytic esterification has been investigated in this article. The effects of essential parameters, which are temperature, pH, agitation speed, enzyme loading, ratio of oil to fatty acid and alcohol...