As the largest developing country in the world, China creates a considerable quantity of municipal solid waste (MSW), which is one of the most serious urban pollution sources. Not only can MSW to energy contribute to a significant reduction in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions caused by landfills,...

Electricity and heat generation are key contributors to global emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG). In this paper, specific attention is paid to renewable energy technologies (RETs) for electricity and heat generation and reviews current understanding and estimates of life cycle GHG emissions...

A recent study suggested that buildings globally consume up to 40% of energy and responsible for half of world greenhouse gas emission. Introducing life cycle assessment (LCA) to the building industry is important because it can measure every environmental impact involved in every process from...

This paper aims to examine the sustainability and environmental performance of PV-based electricity generation systems by conducting a thorough review of the life cycle assessment (LCA) studies of five common photovoltaic (PV) systems, i.e., mono-crystalline (mono-Si), multi-crystalline...

The use of semi-transparent BIPV as a form of on-site renewable energy generation in energy efficient sustainable buildings is increasing. Its popularity is due to its contribution towards zero-(or even plus) energy buildings. In urban cities where the buildings have limited rooftop area but...

All renewable energy systems make some contribution to climate change. This is due to fuel combusted for their construction and as back up energy during their operation. Accurate calculation of greenhouse gas emission per kilowatt hour of electricity is difficult but is an important part of...

The building stock is one of the most important energy consumers worldwide. Therefore, a number of energy reduction targets and regulations exist for the construction sector. Different building stock models have been developed in order to investigate the potentials of energy-efficiency and...

As research on the reduction in the life cycle carbon dioxide (LCCO2) emissions of buildings has become increasingly important, the development of technologies that can quantitatively assess the LCCO2 emissions of a building at the level of the construction materials is essential. In addition,...

Presented manuscript investigates the current sustainability research within the automotive industry, through a comprehensive review of the different studies in vehicles’ life cycle, disposal and end of life analyses, and the different sustainability metrics and models used to quantify the...

Promoting sustainable consumption and production patterns is a key challenge for the future, in order to use the Earth resources efficiently, to reduce the greenhouse gas emissions, and to decouple the economic growth from the environmental degradation.