This paper proposes a non-radial Malmquist CO2 emission performance index (NMCPI) for measuring dynamic changes in total-factor CO2 emission performance over time. This index enables the consideration of non-radial slacks in the conventional Malmquist CO2 emission index (MCPI). The NMCPI is...

This research examines in detail the technology and economics of substituting biodiesel for diesel #2. This endeavor examines three areas. First, the benefits of biodiesel are examined, and the technical problems of large-scale implementation. Second, the biodiesel production possibilities are...

This research examines in detail the technology and economics of substituting ethanol for gasoline. This endeavor examines three issues. First, the benefits of ethanol/gasoline blends are examined, and then the technical problems of large-scale implementation of ethanol. Second, ethanol...