The prominent conflict between consumption and environmental resources is acknowledged as a significant force in affecting the social-ecological community balance. The whole process of resource allocation, utilization, efficiency and outcome are crucial clues in uncovering the structural and...

Extended exergy appears to be the only currently available second-law based and unified metric for ecological accounting, and it represents an effective measure of the technical, social and environmental impacts associated with the general “operation” of a complex society. The method of...

Biogas-linked agro-ecosystems provide economic and environmental benefits by using resources in a multipurpose manner. They utilize an energy consumption pattern that has prominent advantages in relieving energy shortages and reducing environmental pollution. To better understand the effects of...