Using a database of more than 1,100 firms in the MENA region, this article looks at the determinants of trade credit use. We show that the difficulty of accessing<np pagenum="II"/> bank credit positively influences the use of trade credit, and thus demonstrate the (even imperfect) substitutability of bank credit...

In this paper, we propose a joint study of trade and financial integration by relying on the Balassa?s [1961] classification, from preferential trading area to complete economic integration. To this end, we consider two approaches based on the behaviour of interest rates: the expectations...

In this paper we study the effect of economic complexity on city-level gdp per capita growth in China. We build a measure of economic complexity at the city level using the method of reflections of Hidalgo and Hausmann [2009]. Our indicator reflects the diversity and the ubiquity of capabilities...

In this paper, we apply the ?border effects?? method to study the evolution of China both in terms of international trade openness and domestic market integration, two of the main objectives of the reforms package. Our results underline that Chinese provinces? greater involvement in...