To apply for an associate professor position at a French public university, PhD holders must first obtain the so-called ?qualification?. Once a year, the 48 members of the national panel (the Conseil National des Universités, or cnu) evaluate the applicants during a three-day meeting and award...

Our object is to study the adjustment process of five European exchange rates toward their fundamentals on the 1979-1999 period. We consider two approaches, namely nonlinear cointegration and fractional cointegration, in order to discriminate between nonlinear short memory and linear long memory...