Economists agree that inflation is a monetary phenomenon, but since 1982, monetary policymakers have demoted measures of the money supply from prime targets to key indicators to incidental byproducts. With excess bank reserves at all-time highs, however, measures of money may have a renewed...

Macroeconomic models often make simplifying assumptions that suppress differences between people. Changing these assumptions and allowing for "heterogeneity" can enrich analysis of both observed data and policy tradeoffs. Modern macroeconomics has made significant progress in this area,...

Historically, the Federal Reserve's primary monetary policy tool has been the federal funds rate. Since pushing that rate as low as it can effectively go in December 2008, the Fed has turned to alternative policy tools to stimulate economic growth and keep inflation near 2 percent. This Economic...

The debt of the U.S. government is at historically high levels, but how do we know whether debt levels are worrisome? This Economic Brief argues that the current fiscal position is not sustainable. Though financial markets seem unconcerned, for the time being, about U.S. fiscal health, as...